Satellite Communication Systems: Analysis of Technological Development and Future Perspectives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52171/herald.397Keywords:
satellite communications, CubeSat, LEO, MEO, Ka-band, constellation, Internet of Things (IoT)Abstract
This paper presents a scientific analysis of the technological development and future pro-spects of satellite communication systems. Geostationary (GEO), low Earth orbit (LEO), and me-dium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites are comparatively examined in terms of technical specifications and functional capabilities, while the impact of high-throughput satellites (HTS) and emerging constellation networks on system performance, coverage, and data transmission rates is evaluated. Key challenges, including Ka-band optimization, signal latency, spectrum management, and the scientific applications of CubeSats, are addressed using analytical and comparative methods. The study demonstrates that Ka-band optimization, GEO–LEO hybrid models, and localized CubeSat applications significantly enhance satellite communication efficiency and contribute to the devel-opment of global communication infrastructure.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Nigar Mahmudova
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